Coaxial Cable Impedance Calculator. Advanced Control Components. 205 11. Reflections are measured using either VSWR or Return Loss. VSWR: RL (dB) 1. 2. 13 24. Furthermore, a small VSWR reduces reflections from the antenna. (also called insertion loss). R = 20log 10 (E incident /E reflected)Let’s end our discussion with a table of reflection VSWR, refection coefficient and return loss values (and remember that our VSWR calculator can provide any values you need). For one example, if you have two 2:1 mismatches separated by some distance, the worst case at some frequencies will look like 4:1 VSWR. If the power incident on a load is Pi P i and the power reflected by the load is Pr P r, then the return loss in decibels is [6, 7] RLdB = 10 log Pi Pr (2. Stripline Impedance calculator Smith charts VSWR/Return loss converter Wavelength calculator Wilkinson splitter designer. flectioncoefficientΓ,voltagestandingwaveratio(VSWR) and return loss (RL) and these quantities are interre-lated. In order to get the best power transfer from a source to a load, the source impedance must equal the complex conjugate of the load impedance: Rs + jXs =RL −. VSWR to Return Loss . Any other value indicates that a portion of the energy is reflected. This calculator is used to calculate the uncertainty of gain for any active RF device (mostly amplifier) that occurs because of the impedance mismatch. 009. Return Loss is a logarithmic scale, and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) is a linear scale. Return Loss (RL) = 10 * log(Pr/Pi) Return Loss (RL) in dB = -20* log(Γ) Lesser value of return loss indicates higher impedance matching and vice versa. A network analyzer can be used to make S parameter measurements. S22 would be the reflected power radio 2 is attempting to deliver to antenna 2. 4 centimeters. VSWR - Return Loss - Γ Conversions These are the standard set of equations for converting between VSWR, return loss, and reflection coefficient (Γ). Return loss vs. Individual calibration is generally recommended to account for manufacturing process variation. It turns out that -13. If our directional coupler had perfect isolation, the return loss of the load would equal the difference between the reflected and forward measurements:. The VSWR is a measure of the efficiency of a transmission line and is used to determine how well the line is matched to the impedance of the. 091) (0. The field calculator is a very powerful but frequently The following pages contain calculator routines, or “recipes”, for use within the Field Calculator misunderstood and underutilized tool within the 3D “Fields” Post-Processor. 09 = 1. Calculation Select input type: Result: VSWR (pronounced "viswar"), or the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, is the ratio of the maximum standing wave amplitude at one node to the. Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator. Return Loss to VSWR Conversion Chart. When creating PCB prototypes that conduct alternating current (AC) at radio frequency, designs must compensate for the effects of the current waves on the prototype material. Fill in the input field and select the input type and click the "calculate" button to show the values. Enter the source characteristic impedance and the load impedance then press "Calculate" below. Figure 14. Click here to use the VSWR Calculator . The isolation S23 is exactly -20 dB at the center frequency, while the output match is also degraded to about -13. In terms of the reflection coefficient: If VSWR = 1, G 0 = 0 (no reflection) = vp f, vp= c r 0 100 200 300 400 500 600-1. (3) ea 90°E-Bend - 1. But, for a practical system, there will be a small impedance. Just enter the value of source return loss, input return loss, output return loss, load return loss, device gain, and isolation then the calculator will compute the minimum and maximum gain. The following equation is especially useful when using a directional power meter. Return Loss VSWR Reflection. 14 dB per hundred feet. For example, if you wish to input "25000000", just type "25M" instead. VSWR. VSWR Return Loss Calculator Find VSWR. The calculator can also be used to find the value of VSWR using any of the other values. and is usually expressed as a ratio, such as VSWR = 3:1. Moreover, return loss is the relationship between both the reflection coefficient (Γ) and the. Measure the power levels at the input and output of your cable, convert to units of dBm, and calculate the difference. VSWR is a function of the characteristic impedance of the transmission line and the impedance of the antenna. Convert VSWR to Return Loss and vice versa. VSWR Calculator. There are two S-parameters of interest. Return loss quantifies the amount of reflected power, while insertion loss quantifies the loss of power as it passes through the component or device. VSWR/Return Loss Calculator will find VSWR, Return Loss, Mismatch Loss, and the Reflection Coefficient given any one of the listed input types. By Marki Microwave, Posted Wed May 19 2010. VSWR is the ratio of voltage applied. Return Loss and Mismatch Loss Calculator. The formula and equations used by this calculator are also provided. RF Works is unable to take liability for. 5dB loss per 100 feet at 146 MHz). Suppose the wave is not matched with load and signal there is some unwanted signals are interrupted or signal loss is occurred. These are two different ways to measure the same thing. S. 19. This is the only way to calculate the total impedance of a circuit in parallel that includes both resistance and reactance. 8. Please Support RF Cafe by purchasing my ridiculously low−priced products, all of which I created. Convert the VSWR value to a ratio by subtracting 1 from the VSWR value. 7. Example 2. 5 10. dl. The graph below shows input return loss for an amplifier. A 2-port device has two distinctly interesting. from Forward and Reflected Power: Transmitter Forward Power : Watts: System Reflected Power : Watts: VSWR = Reflection Coefficient = Follow the discussion. The VSWR can then be calculated from the return loss (RL) with the following equation. Voltage is the pressure from an electrical circuit's power source. Return loss and VSWR are two important measures of efficient power transmission and both of them can be interconverted to obtain the value. 8. A high. so, for instance “. Lower VSWR means lower reflection power (good impedance matching); thus, power transfers to load will be high. As an example of common VSWR values, a VSWR of 3. p65 Author: barbara Created Date: 5/6/2003 8:50:18 AMThe voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) at a port, represented by the lower case 's', is a similar measure of port match to return loss but is a scalar linear quantity, the ratio of the standing wave maximum voltage to the standing wave minimum voltage. 5, the corresponding value of. 예를 들어 Return loss가 10dB 정도라면, VSWR은 2:1 이하가 되어서 입력매칭이 비교적 잘된 경우로 평가하며, Return loss가 14 dB 정도가 되면 VSWR은 1. Return Loss (RL) is a measure of all reflections that are caused by the impedance mismatches at all locations along the link and is expressed in decibel (dB). 50:1, with a corresponding return loss of 3. If our directional coupler had perfect isolation, the return loss of the load would equal the difference between the reflected and forward measurements:. from Forward and Reflected Power: Transmitter Forward Power : Watts: System Reflected Power : Watts: VSWR = Reflection Coefficient = Return Loss = dB: Match Efficiency = % Net. At 100 MHz, the loss is 0. Return Loss Vs. Pi Attenuator Calculator. Standing Wafes merupakan daya yang tidak diterima oleh beban dan dipantulkan Kembali sepanjang saluran transmisi. 5, the corresponding value of. There is also a selection of suitable RF. A VSWR of 6 or more is pretty high and will generally need to be improved. For VSWR=2, reflection coefficient will be=1/3 and 20log(1/3) =-9. Fairview Microwave's Waveguide Calculator provides the cutoff frequency, operating frequency range and closest waveguide size for a rectangular waveguide based on the custom inputted broad wall width. In order to improve the VSWR, this calculator also has an extra input for adding an attenuator to improve or reduce the system VSWR. Now let's look at the response. Power Density Calculator is designed to give the power density, in Watts per square meter, at a given distance, output power and antenna gain. When you look at a graph of a return loss formula, the negative sign is often omitted and is sometimes used interchangeably with the S11 parameter. Due to mismatches in impedance within the connector, some of the signal is reflected. Title: dg03-110. III. See the relationship between VSWR and return loss. DASAR TEORI. Understanding VSWR and Return Loss. VSWR is a function of the characteristic impedance of the transmission line and the impedance of the antenna. Consumers; Contact Us;A network analyzer can be used to make S parameter measurements. This calculator uses the following formulas for converting the values between the VSWR, return loss, reflection coefficient, and mismatch loss. Keep in mind that some calculators for RF have hard-coded units; if the label says (nF), for example. 3. Visit Fairview Microwave's RF coaxial attenuators page for product details. long or about 1. Formulas used: s r r. VSWR ( VSWR meaning Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) is an important concept in radio frequency (RF) engineering. These parameters are often applied to antennas, RF filters and RF amplifiers such as LNA s and PA s. So a perfect match can be represented by the range 0. Solved Example. The return loss is the ratio of the power of the. Learn about voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), return loss, and mismatch loss, which helps characterize the wave reflections in a radio frequency (RF) design. Low-pass lumped element filters. Return loss is in dB, and may be a little more intuitive; a VSWR of 2:1 would be a Return Loss of about 10dB, meaning 10% of the incident power to the antenna is being reflected back to the source. Figure 14. voltage standing wave ratio. When an ideal match is not encountered by the incident (forward) wave, part of it is coupled to the load and part is reflected back to the source. Clear. 009. 8. By entering the values given above into the VSWR calculator, we see that the probable assembly-chain VSWR of: 1. Note that we have a VSWR calculator that will allow you to convert between VSWR, mismatch loss and return loss!. 2 means a peak voltage 1. While return loss analysis can be an ambiguous quality indicator,. 5:1 정도로써 입력매칭이 거의 완전하게. 13 24. 05 + 1. Lower VSWR means lower reflection power (good impedance matching); thus, power transfers to load will be high. e. A ratio of 2:1 indicates that reflections have resulted in a standing wave with a maximum amplitude that is twice as large as its minimum amplitude. , there is no standing wave). Forward Power Watts ? Reflected Power Watts ? VSWR → RL (Return Loss). 000:Calculate SWR and return loss from impedance values. 0 indicates 44% of the power is delivered to the antenna (3. This is an online conversion tool for converting between VSWR, return loss and reflection coefficient, which are different ways to express how well a load is matched to a source. For example, if you wish to input "25000000", just type "25M" instead. Now, let us investigate the physical meaning of return loss. RG-8 and RG-213 (50 ohm); and RG-11 (75 ohm) are about 0. How to Use? Using the VSWR to RL Calculator involves the following steps: Enter VSWR Value: Input the VSWR value that you want to convert into RL. A calculator designed to compute the VSWR,return loss and matching loss in a transmission line. 8ghz. 707. In this case, you may also need to calculate localized heating due to a current standing wave. Γ = Reflection coefficient. As an added bonus, the results are modifiable and can calculate the other values. 5:1 정도로써 입력매칭이 거의 완전하게. +1 829 698 0733 What Do You Need? Talk To Us 8am-4pm EST/NY Monday-Friday info@aareff. The online calculators are usable in pop-up mode for easy. 405 inch. If we measure the power of a reflected signal from an antenna near a radio transmitter, the measurement of the reflected signal’s amplitude at this juncture compared to the initially transmitted. See Figure A. Free Online Engineering Calculator to quickly convert a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio into Mismatch / Return Loss. Return Loss and Mismatch Loss Calculator Calculates the absolute load impedance, reflection coefficient, VSWR, return loss and mismatch loss of a load. You can use our VSWR calculator to see that 1. 29:1 VSWR Is this correct? If so, performing the same analysis in the reverse order (with respect to the power meter), gives me: RL for the system (wrt to the power meter) = 19. You can access the RF Path Calculator at the Calculators page of our website. (under "Support" and "Technical Application Notes" tabs). Lower VSWR is always desirable for a system. A perfect match would be 1:1, meaning that the peak amplitude of the signal is always the same (i. Measured forward power vs. 5 dB, (or a VSWR of 1. If VSWR is known, then the reflection coefficient (Γ), return loss (RL), and mismatch loss (ML) is calculated by using following formulas. 1 Return Loss. For this new launch, both Lou Meyer and Erik Lilieholm have been essential for the tool to be RF-solid. 1) (2. 64/100) = ±0. The input to the antenna will be 8,511 watts. 0 0. Result: Free Space Path Loss (FSPL) calculations are often used to help predict RF signal strength in an antenna system. For example, a VSWR of 1. 8. VSWR calculator: Isolation between circuit stages (mentioned above) is a way to minimize the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and, in this way, improve impedance matching. 7. This configurator will generate a bill of materials for a Constellation power delivery system. The component is said to have a loss of 25 dB. This general RF calculator provides path loss, VSWR and wavelength as well as conversions between many common measurements used in the wireless industry. Since it is a logarithmic measurement, it is very useful when displaying very small reflections. Summarizing: Directivity is ratio of power density in a specified direction to the power density averaged over all directions at the same distance from the antenna. How to Calculate VSWR . Forward Power (dBm)Skin depth calculator Stripline Impedance calculator Smith charts VSWR/Return loss converter Wavelength calculator Wilkinson splitter designer. A VSWR of 6 or more is pretty high and will generally need to be improved. **Note: All of our calculators allow SI prefix input. . Because of this, the effects of mismatch can be minimized by selecting an attenuator with the lowest possible VSWR. 1. RL = 20 * log10 ( (VSWR + 1) / (VSWR - 1)) RL = 20 ∗ log10( (V S W R + 1)/(V S W R − 1)) Variables: RL is the Return Loss (dB) VSWR is the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio. offices email call. Reflection Coef. Facebook. The Insertion Loss formula is defined as the loss of signal power resulting from the insertion of a device in a transmission line or optical fiber and is usually expressed in decibels (dB) and is represented as I L = 20* log10 (V t / V in) or Insertion Loss = 20* log10 (Voltage / Input Signal Amplitude). Radio Frequency Engineering Calculator. ZoVSWR / Return Loss Calculator. Port 4 is the port which provides the reflected measurement (Return Loss/ VSWR), when the device is configured with the DUT connected to Port 2. VSWR: RL (dB) 1. 많은 초심자들이 대체 왜 return loss란 지표와 VSWR이란 지표가 혼용되는지 이해하기 어려워 하는 경향이 있다. Note: The historical definition of return loss results in a negative sign. This trace would typically be accepted as good. Just enter the forward and reflected power in watts. S21 is the transmission coefficient of Port 2. U. Return loss calculation EXAMPLE : VSWR = 1. 98 dB is equal to the equaivalent return loss of 1. The Tee attenuator consists of one series resistor at the input and two parallel, one of which is grounded while the other goes to output. 40) a common limit for sweeps with an antenna at the far end. 12 VSWR max. Example 2. In one typical RF application, VSWR is used to measure the amount of reflection due to impedance mismatch. As we know that the reflection coefficient defines the amount of the electromagnetic wave is reflected due to the impedance discontinuity in a transmission path. return loss Calculator (by using VSWR) Skin. Definition of VSWR. Home Return Loss to VSWR Conversion Chart Due to mismatches in impedance within the connector, some of the signal is reflected. MatchCalc™ RF Design Calculator. Please note that this. The below step by step solved example problem may helpful for users to understand how the input values are being used in such calculations to find the ratio of load impedance matching to the transmission line or wave guide characteristic impedance (Z 0). Return loss is a measure in dB of the ratio of power in the incident wave to that in the reflected wave, and we define it to have a negative value. Power measurement. Note: If you select a waveguide size from the dropdown below, the broad wall width will be automatically calculated along with the other results. It varies from 1 to (plus) infinity and is always positive. VSWR, or the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, is the ratio of the maximum standing wave amplitude at one node to the minimum amplitude at another node in a system. Formally, S11 is the negative of return loss and. The Insertion Loss formula is defined as the loss of signal power resulting from the insertion of a device in a transmission line or optical fiber and is usually expressed in decibels (dB) and is represented as I L = 20* log10 (V t / V in) or Insertion Loss = 20* log10 (Voltage / Input Signal Amplitude). Follow the discussion. Electric fieldrms 5 conductivity 1 mass density 13E03 13 x 10 3. Mismatch Loss: Reflected Power Through Power (dB) Coefficient, VSWR is defined as the maximum voltage of the standing wave (E max) to the minimum voltage of the standing wave (E min ). vswr-rl変換する計算ツールです。 イノベーションtop; 研究開発の実績; 博士の電波講座; アンテナ作りのこだわりMatchCalc™ RF Design Calculator. Using complex impedance is an important technique for handling multi-component AC circuits. Avg. e. For support with the MatchCalc tool, contact tool-feedback@qorvo. VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio, sometimes pronounced "viswar"), is the ratio of the maximum standing wave amplitude at one node to the minimum amplitude at another node in a system. A Forward and Reflected Power to VSWR Calculator is a tool that helps to determine the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of a transmission line by using measurements of the forward and reflected power. There is a resistive axis that is down the middle of the chart,In no event will Qorvo be liable to any user of these tools for any loss or damages, including without limitation, indirect or consequential damages arising out of or associated with the use of these tools. Convert the load VSWR to load return loss per the following equation: RL Improved = 2*Attenuator + RL Load [dB] (where RL=Return Loss) Of course, the method can be reversed to predict the attenuator required to improve a load VSWR by a predetermined amount. To use this calculator, enter one of the following data: the voltage standing waves ratio VSWR, the return loss RL, the reflection coefficient ρ, the power ratio ρ 2, the forward and reflected power P fwd and P ref; or the impedances Z c and Z l. RF Trap With Attenuator Calculator Calculates the attenuation, 'impedance', reflection coefficient, VSWR and return loss of a circuit that incorporates a RF tank circuit into a Pi attenuator. Forward Power (W) Reverse Power (W) VSWR. VSWR measures the ratio of voltage peaks and valleys. This attenuation calculator provides as output to the user the. To convert from VSWR to Return Loss, find the VSWR value in the left column. Power on the Site Master and press the MODE key. In industry, VSWR is sometimes pronounced "viz-wer". VSWR and Return Loss RF Calculator. Application Note File. This calculator converts values between VSWR, Return loss, Reflection Coefficient and Mis-Match Loss. VSWR can be generated by Network Analysers. The return loss at the input and output ports can be calculated from the reflection coefficient, S 11 or S 22, as follows: RL IN = 20log10|S 11 | dB. 0708,min,max = =A VSWR value of 2 or under is typically acceptable for antennae in communications systems. As an example, F1=750 MHz and F2=850 MHz for a typical cellular frequency band. LOSS VSWR LOSS VSWR LOSS VSWR LOSS VSWR LOSS VSWR (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) return loss Vs. There are two S-parameters of interest. Finally, an antenna VSWR monitoring system is shown. Note: VSWR values were used to calculate the other two related values (rounded to 3 significant places). Stripline Impedance calculator Smith charts VSWR/Return loss converter Wavelength calculator Wilkinson splitter designer. If the antenna reflects 250 watts the VSWR at the antenna will be 1. Return loss is the measure of how small the “return” or reflection/echo is. R = 20log 10 (E incident /E reflected)Pasternack's RF Calculators and Conversions section provides engineers valuable and easy-to-use tools ranging from complex mathematical formulas to simple conversions. Calculate the VSWR to 1 decimal place. VSWR is commonly expressed as a ratio. number) VSWR or % Reflected Power: MHz: a wavelength in inches or feet: Get Help. It can be calculated as: In the above formula, G is the reflection coefficient and can be calculated using the following formula: For the circuit in Figure 6, we calculate VSWR to be:Thus, for this system, VSWR = 1:1 (i. A similar version of this article appeared in the October 2012 issue of Power Systems Design magazine. The VSWR value range from 1. A ratio of 2:1 indicates that reflections have. This can be achieved by regulating the inner and outer diameter of the coaxial cable, along with the. Usually this is the threshold when most devices are considered. Software Calculator VSWR dan Return Loss. 155 dB. 5 GHz 16-way Power Divider DC-3 GHz 8-way Power DividerA series of RF calculators for radio frequency engineers. If VSWR is known, then the reflection coefficient (Γ), return loss (RL), and mismatch loss (ML) is calculated by using following formulas. VSWR is the ratio of the peak amplitude of a standing wave to the minimum amplitude of a standing wave, as seen in the following Figure: Figure 1. 5:1 is considered ideal in the RF field, and a VSWR of 2:1 is marginally acceptable for more critical loss systems for low-power applications. Calculates the resistor values, attenuation, 'impedance', reflection coefficient, VSWR and return loss of a T attenuator. The term ‘forward power is synonymous with powered deliver to the load, or thru power. As an added bonus, the results are modifiable and can calculate the other values. Requires Windows 7 (64 Bit) or higher. The two DTF graphs are the same except for the return loss value at marker 1. Qorvo MatchCalc is a downloadable RF matching calculator designed to provide ideal component values for matching the impedance of a S1P or S2P file to a desired system or reference impedance. 5 VSWR = Vmax Vmin ≥ 1 VSWR = 1 ∣ 0∣ 1−∣ 0∣ Voltage Standing Wave Ratio VSWR = Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (sometimes just called SWR)2. You can also use LTSpice to calculate S-parameters as well, which is a bit of a hidden trick. Enter VSWR (a value greater than or equal to 1) S11 to VSWR Formula S11 = (VSWR-1)/ (VSWR+1) S11 (dB) = 20*Log10 (S11) The input reflection coefficient, S11 < 1 Example Calculation For a VSWR of 1. 5-1-0. Return loss and insertion loss are both measurements of how a component or device affects the transmission of signals in a system. 0001, J2)". Return Loss (dB) VSWR. Click here for VSWR to RL CalculatorReturn Loss to VSWR Reference/Conversion Table. Reflection Calculator. Suitable for VHF (~1. ANSOFT CORPORATION HFSS FIELD CALCULATOR COOKBOOK INTRODUCTION feature of Ansoft’s HFSS Version 7. Useful converters and calculators Return loss (RL) is the ratio of the reflected power to the incident power, in decibels (dB). Mengapa Nilai RL harus lebih kecil dari -10 dB ? atau Mengapa VSWR harus bernilai di bawah 2 ?VSWR dan RL pada intinya adalah ukuran seberapa banyak energi d. VSWR =. A known return loss is applied to the RF OUT port. 000:Return Loss (RL) and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) are related through a mathematical relationship. used to calculate the various values of impedances, voltages, currents, and SWR values that exist in the operation of a par-ticular transmission line. 5 0. Mismatch Loss: Reflected Power Through Power (dB) Coefficient,VSWR is defined as the maximum voltage of the standing wave (E max) to the minimum voltage of the standing wave (E min ). A table of convenient values are presented at the bottom. 34:1 or a return loss of 16. Return loss calculation EXAMPLE : VSWR = 1. Equations $$VSWR = \frac{1 + \Gamma}{1 - \Gamma}$$ $$\Gamma = \frac{VSWR-1}{VSWR+1}$$ $$L_{R} = -20log_{10}\Gamma$$ Hence, the return loss is always lower than the ideal system (i. Subscribe to receive Mini-Circuits News. **Note: Like our stripline impedance calculator, all of our RF calculators allow SI prefix input. In some cases, users require a custom impedance value. When ZL ≠ Z0 there must be a reflected wave with appropriate. What is the VSWR ratio to return loss? There is an inverse relationship between Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) and Return Loss. VSWR didefinisikan sebagai rasio tegangan maksimum ke minimum pada saluran tanpa rugi-rugi. This tool calculates the S11 from the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR). 64% or ±10 x log10 (103. **Note: Like our stripline impedance calculator, all of our RF calculators allow SI prefix input. It is specified in dB. This mix of web-based tools and downloadable Windows software was developed to help engineers design faster and more accurately. VSWR indicates matching condition of source (i. g. RG-8 and RG-213 (50 ohm); and RG-11 (75 ohm) are about 0. Then click the "Calculate" button next to the value you just typed to compute the others. Any other value indicates that a portion of the energy is reflected. 0. VSWR specs (specifications) are introduced, along with formulas for mismatch loss and return loss in relationship to VSWR. The Reflection Coefficient can be calculated from return loss by using the following formula. But the meter at the transmitter will show a VSWR of 1. 43. Custom. Where, RL = Return loss in dB. 672 0. This calculator is designed to be an informational and educational tool. 0 indicates 44% of the power is delivered to the antenna (3. 6 dB of mismatch loss). In order to improve the VSWR, this calculator also has an extra input for adding an attenuator to improve or reduce the system VSWR. Measure S11 across the desired frequency range. 200mW. , an), the wavestravelling away from the n-port are b = (b1, b2,. Particularly, reflected power and mismatch loss help describe the. And S12 is the power from radio 2 that is delivered through antenna 1 to radio 1. This VSWR calculator allows you to calculate the reflection coefficient, reflected power, and mismatch loss for a given value of VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio). A return loss conversion table is used to quickly convert VSWR values into return loss values. This can be built into a FLEXI-BOX and a transmission line (50 Ohm track) PCB is available which easily adapts for this circuit with one simple trimming. Conclusion: In summary, RL and VSWR formulas and calculators are valuable tools that enhance the efficiency, accuracy and consistency of RF engineering tasks such as measurement, analysis, troubleshooting and system design. VSWR Calculator The VSWR Calculator is a program for reflection unit conversion. S21 is the transmission coefficient of Port 2. Yoni Calculator Online Test System Configurator ezSample. 7.